Digital

With the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence in the workplace, companies see numerous opportunities to optimize their operations. The issue of employee adoption of AI-powered tools is all the more critical as Large Language Models (LLMs)—which underpin the technological capabilities of these tools—are proliferating and evolving rapidly. The article highlights that the actual development of AI applications does not depend solely on the technical capabilities of the tools. Through two concrete case studies, the work of the sociologist at Orange illustrates the individual, collective, organizational, and institutional factors that influence employees’ ability to adapt these tools to their work. Highlighting these factors offers new insights for supporting the development of AI use cases.